Light occupies one of the most important places in human life throughout life. If you think back to primitive society, even then, after the extraction of fire, people managed to become in a fierce struggle for existence to a higher level. Thanks to today’s high technology using, for example, street sensors, it is possible to achieve increased comfort in the home.
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What is a motion sensor?
Essentially, any modern models of motion sensors are electrical wave detectors that detect any movement in an area that falls within its activity. After the device has detected the movement of an object, the light automatically turns on.
Simply put, as soon as an object enters the response area, the special sensor system starts working, transmitting all the necessary data to the mechanism to which it has been connected. The design is absolutely safe and at the same time gives an opportunity to save noticeably money on electricity.
Looking at photos of motion sensors to turn on lights is easy to see: for different conditions today a variety of devices are provided in strict dependence primarily on the class (degree) of their protection.
The indicator demonstrates how resistant the body material of the purchased device will be in the future to various kinds of mechanical influences, as well as unwanted dust, moisture and, gives an indication of whether it will be able to function even under hail, heavy rain and snowfall, if necessary.
The best sensors are in classes such as IP 20, 40, 41, 44, 54 and 55.
Types of sensors
IP 20. Such a device works without problems only in a completely closed, necessarily dry room. At the same time there is a high probability of malfunction in case of moisture even on the outer part of the housing.
IP 40. The device of this protection class will work even if small particles with a diameter of about 1 mm or sand get on it, but it is absolutely unprotected, like the above models from moisture.
IP 41. There is absolutely no danger of moisture of any kind for this sensor, so that even if during use the sensor, for example, condensate drops get on its housing for some reason, its operation can continue without interruption.
IP 44. These sensors can be used in rooms with high humidity, and even outdoors, because they have splash protection, so no rain can harm them.
IP 54. This degree of protection demonstrates that the housing is fully protected against splashes as well as any dust that settles. This means that even in the event that for some reason dust gets inside the sensor housing, the sensor will continue to perform its functions.
IP 55. The peculiarity of this degree of protection is that in addition to the high protection against moisture, various directional jets directly at the mounted sensor are even allowed in principle here.
Once you have decided how much of a protected light switch with a sensor you need, you can move on to selecting the power that will subsequently be switched by the purchased device when in operation.
One thing when you need to turn on a small LED spotlight, not distinguished by a high power and quite another thing when you need to switch a sufficiently large lighting system of a huge production hall.
Choosing the right model for all parameters will be especially easy if you ask the experts in the store in advance about the power of the equipment and their recommendations for specific models. As a rule, the switching power limits for most devices of this type range from 60 W to about 2200 W.
Keep in mind that the infrared type sensor performs heat detection. Therefore, it will not work if there is any obstacle, such as clear glass or other structure that creates a stable dead zone, within its immediate area of control.
This is what most often becomes the main reason for installing multiple sensors located in different parts of a selected area that needs to be illuminated.
Also an important point to consider when deciding to purchase a lantern with a motion sensor will be to take into account the viewing angle of your device, and of course the radius of its direct action.
The standard angle of view for any ceiling-mounted device is 360 degrees. That is, a sensor with a smaller viewing angle of 180 degrees, which many people are accustomed to, will definitely reduce the volume of the controlled area by exactly two times.
Most sensors with a smaller viewing angle are mounted on any wall and used to subsequently capture the moment of exit/entry into the room.
How does the motion sensor work?
There are a huge number of different motion devices available today. Most of them work according to the following principle: as soon as pre-programmed actions are noticed in the sensor’s area of influence, the detector will almost instantly activate a relay and subsequently transmit electricity directly through the circuit to the light activation sensor.
The sensor activity in this case is set manually. It can be ten seconds, or five, or twenty minutes. If there is absolutely no movement in the room, it will automatically turn off. In addition, directly in the settings, you can easily enough select the degree of illumination.
During the choice of installation, it is worth immediately thinking about its placement. In the future, just on this will depend both the type of device and the sensor connection schemes used. For example, until someone enters the room, the infrared device will definitely not react under any circumstances.
If you want the light to come on only when the door is opened, then an ultrasonic type device is the best choice.
Thinking over such a question as what lamp to choose, it is worth sure to consider all the rules of the sensor and study each point of the manual. It is strictly forbidden to choose at your own will the angle of view and, accordingly, the place in case the enclosed instruction manual clearly spelled out the recommended limits.
The installation process of the mechanism is quite easy – there are two simple schemes with a standard 220 V supply with and respectively without a switch. However, there are a number of nuances that you should definitely pay attention to.
First, the best thing to do beforehand from someone who understands different models of devices is to find out exactly how the motion sensor is wired.
Secondly, during the selection of the device in advance, it is worth clarifying what the range of propagation, taking into account the area of your room and how many volts will be needed.
Thirdly, it is the location of the sensor that you will spend the most effort during the analysis.
In conclusion, it is worth noting that it is important to fix a specific place and necessarily a separate switch behind the sensor. This is primarily necessary so that later in an emergency you can always quickly turn off the system.
Photo of the motion sensor for switching on the light
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